Major Forms of Literature Flashcard

Major Forms of Literature

4 Common Questions About How to Vote in College

4 Common Questions About How to Vote in College With so much else to juggle while in college, you may not have thought much about how to vote. Even if its your first election or going to school means you live in a different state, figuring out how to vote in college can be relatively simple.  Ã¢â‚¬â€¹Ã¢â‚¬â€¹ I Live in One State but Go to School in Another. Where Do I Vote? You can be a resident of two states, but you can only vote in one. So if youre a college student who has a permanent address is in one state and lives in another to attend school, you can choose where you want to cast your vote. Youll need to check with your home state or the state your school is in for more details on registration requirements, how to register and, of course, how to vote. You can generally find this information through a states Secretary of State website or  the board of elections. Additionally, if you decide to vote in your home state but are living in another state, youll probably need to vote absentee. Make sure you allow yourself enough time to receive - and return - your ballot through the mail. The same goes for changing registration: While a few states offer same-day voter registration, many have firm deadlines for registering new voters before an election.   How Do I Vote in My Hometown Election If Im Away at School? If, say, you live in Hawaii but are in college in New York, chances are you arent going to be able to head home to vote. Assuming you want to remain a registered voter in Hawaii, youll need to register as an absentee voter and have your ballot sent to you at school. How Do I Vote in the State Where My School Is? As long as youve registered to vote in your new state, you should get voter materials in the mail that will explain the issues, have candidate statements and say where your local polling place is. You may very well vote right on your campus. If not, theres a pretty good chance that a lot of students at your school will need to get to the neighborhood polling place on Election Day. Check with your student activities or student life office to see if they are running shuttles or if there are any carpooling initiatives involved for reaching the polling place. Lastly, if you dont have transportation to your local polling place or wont be able to vote on Election Day for some other reason, see if you can vote by mail.   Even if your permanent address and your school are in the same state, youll want to double-check your registration. If you cant get home on Election Day, you either need to vote absentee or consider changing your registration to your school address so you can vote locally. Where Can I Get More Information on the Issues That Affect College Students? College students are a critical - and very large - voting constituency who are often at the forefront of political activism. (Its not an accident presidential debates are historically held on college campuses.) Most campuses have programs and events, put on by campus or local political parties and campaigns, that explain different candidates views on certain issues. The internet is full of information on elections but put in the effort to seek out credible sources. Look to non-profit, non-partisan organizations for details on election issues, as well as quality news sources and political parties websites, which have information on initiatives, candidates, and their policies.

Comparing The Bible & Milton's Paradise Lost Essay

Comparing The Bible & Milton's Paradise Lost - Essay Example This inclination to religious themes was manifested in his works prior to Paradise Lost. Some of these works are On the Morning of Christs Nativity, The Passion, and Upon the Circumcision (Luxon). This religious disposition displayed in his works continued after Paradise Lost was published; two examples of his works are Paradise Regained, and Samson Agonistes (Luxon). But among his literary works with religious themes, the best one would be his epic masterpiece, Paradise Lost. However, it would be objectionable to call Milton’s Paradise Lost to be the greatest literary work or the greatest epic of all time. For one, Paradise Lost may be in some way, a copy of the accounts of Moses about man’s first offense against God. The plot from the Bible was adapted in poetry form but Milton intricately laced the story with descriptive details that even include dialogues between Satan and the other rebel angels; narrations about the origin of the world by an angel named Raphael; and conversations between Adam and Eve. Another reason would be its similarities with the early epics Aeneid by Virgil and Iliad by Homer. Paradise Lost is analogous to Virgil’s Aeneid and Homer’s Iliad mainly because of their similarities in their source of inspiration. Other noticeable similarities would be on the plot, the characters involved and the relationships of the characters to each other in the three epics. Before giving further details about Paradise Lost’s similarities with the other two epics, it would be best to know beforehand Milton’s literary basis in writing Paradise Lost and that would be the Bible. The fall of man as accounted in Paradise Lost has some similarities and differences from the Biblical account of the entry of sin in earth. Being based on the Bible, the similarities are very obvious, but the differences require to be discussed. In the

Compare TWO different approaches to the study of food, and discuss Essay

Compare TWO different approaches to the study of food, and discuss what you find attractive or unhelpful about them - Essay Example Furthermore, an underlying framework cannot remain constant since it is susceptible of transformation under external stimuli. Both structuralism and post-structuralism tend to provide a theoretical framework that can help in understanding how cultures are affected by their food and cooking practices but post-structuralism provides a relatively flexible approach that accepts human influence and effects of historic events on culture. In order to understand the nature and behaviour of food with the help of structuralism, it is important to analyze the framework of this approach. Structuralism is an inspired phenomena hailing from Gestalt psychology. Gestalt’s theory attempts to find out a rationale ground of how human mind works and derives patterns out of random or unobvious events. This approach further explains that events, individuals or objects having same attributes tend to form an alliance and stay together. Similarly, structuralism is an approach through which human behav iour can be analyzed with the help of different frame of references networked together. This network of relationships helps in identifying the actual position of a norm, ritual or an object in human life. Through this framework, early linguists and anthropologists tend to identify the signs showing common indications. Therefore, structuralism became synonymous with semiology. These semiotics or doctrines of semiology helped the literary thinkers to deduct common patterns from folk tales that helped in understanding relations of cultures to each other and their further evolution along with rationales of various norms and traditions. Although this approach was a result of literary research performed by Ferdinand de Saussure and Vladimir Propp however it was given a broader definition in 1960s by Claude Levi-Strauss. Levi-Strauss used this approach to analyze human patterns of kinship and myths. This research was further extended by various others such as Mary Douglas. Levi-Strauss per formed his further research to identify the reasons for existence of similar myths present in different cultures. He explained that no myth has a value in its singular form and in order to have a meaning; it is supposed to have a certain place in myth’s network or structure. Hence, myths exists universally and they are source of resolutions to social conflicts. Along with myths, rituals and traditions, food and activities related to it play a vital role in understanding relationships existing between cultures. Levi-Strauss (1966, 1970) helped in identifying common patterns among different cultures and segregated the manner of culinary art of cooking in three fundamental categories i.e. boiling, roasting and steaming. These fundamental cooking principles indicated that through norms and methods adopted by a group of people, a meaning is produced in a culture which is reproduced and evolved through other peripheral practices. Activities as diverse as food preparations and exist ence of millions of recipes concluded that there were some common factors underlying in these cultures and they indicated a particular pattern of kinship that is known to different groups and individuals existing in a society, operating at unconscious level

Composite Cycle Frame Manufacturing Methods Project Assignment - 1

Composite Cycle Frame Manufacturing Methods Project - Assignment Example It also seeks to look at the various effective ways which hospitals and related institutions can store such records. It is important that they keep health records using reliable methods so that they ensure reliability of the data and easy retrieval of the same. Health informatics deals with ways of storing, retrieving and using information related to health and biomedicine. It has tools that are used in achieving storage and use of the data like computers, information systems and medical terms among others. Health informatics is also known as Health information systems. Areas of application include nursing and in public health. There are international standards that have been set regarding health informatics to ensure a standardized way of medical informatics (Joslin & Kahn 2005). Using computers and technology has been the best way to store data of patients in medicine all over the world. Electronic health records is the most reliable and accurate way of storing data because computers are more accurate than humans. Health institutions do not longer store records of patients manually like before the emergence of technology (Whetton, 2005). A good example of such online application programs is the ICD9-CM. they are codes used to store information of Diabetic patients in health institutions. The United States department for health is encouraging health institutions to migrate to the use of electronic means to store data. International Classification of Diseases (ICD) is an effective way of tracking many types of diseases in the world. Knowledge of this coding method is very important for health professionals because it helps in maintaining proper health records in hospitals. It is a code that contains a set of volumes with some instructions. It contains volume one to volume three which gives the procedures. Volume one

Factors Affecting Capital Budgeting of ICT Sector Firms

Factors Affecting Capital Budgeting of ICT Sector Firms This research proposal has been written to compare the factors affecting capital budgeting of firms in Information and Communication Technology sector in Thai. The survey factors of decision making in capital budgeting. The many decisions that top management must make in firms. This method is one duty of a financial manager to choose investments with satisfactory cash flows and rates of return. The factors affecting to make decision in capital budgeting, which is the allocation of funds among alternative investment opportunities, is crucial to corporate success. The explicitly considers how well-managed companies and the competition to hook up in segment market of in information and communication technology sector. Overview of Information and Communications firms in Thailand The most economies in the world people consume by spending money to buy goods and services. The ultimate aim of business is to maximize the market value of the firms common stock. Whereby, this means the wealth of its shareholders (Sharpiro 2005). The purpose focus on shareholder value begins with the simple economic understanding. Therefore, the roles of current business can growth through affecting quality competition. This research proposal has the interest in the sense of decision making style in ICT sector. Competitions exist to give the opportunity to enter the best competitions to be found in this kind of business in Thailand. A more captivating reason for focusing on creating shareholder wealth is the difference between the values of the company. Moreover, Companies in ICT sector are highly competitive market in Thailand. That the reason why the significant decision making of capital budgeting to invest by critical thinking. Verma et al (2009) observed for achieve the firms a re focusing even more on effective financial management practices and are greatly concerned about core financial issues like capital structure, cost of capital, working capital management and capital budgeting. The objective of capital budgeting In the recent years, managers have become more sophisticated in allocating capital resources and more concerned about return on investment. Sharpiro (2005) shows the important discussion is that the primary objective of financial management is to maximize the shareholder wealth. In other to, we need to know what affects wealth to benefit shareholders. Consequently, one way that people acquire more wealth is to defer invest and consumption in a company. Those who are relatively risk averse become bondholder, lending money to the company and repayment of the loan.In reality, any firm has limited capital resources that should be allocated among the best investment alternatives. The argument that capital is a limited resource is true of any form of capital. Management should carefully decide whether a particular project is economically acceptable. In the case of more than one project management must identify the projects that will contribute most to profits and to the value or wealth of the firm which is the basis of capital budgeting. Stout (2008) expresses the process of evaluating the desirability of investment is referred to a capital budgeting with real options. Furthermore, illustrate how to price a capital investment project containing real options. To explain these concepts to a wide audience in accounting In addition, this research proposal represent evaluate business strategies on the basis of prospective in capital budgeting by opinion managers who controls the capital resources is managerial decision from sample companies in ICT sector, which is good for every one, not just shareholders. It is well for politicians and other commentators to reflect on the facts in issue. Critical review of Literature This research generalized how company make financial decisions that started by explaining what these decisions are and what they are seeking an achievement. The secret of success in financial management of a corporation depends on how well in system of corporate governance to increase value. In other wards, maximizing value is like advising an investor in the stock market. To carry on business, a corporation needs a limitation to describe investment decision. The investment decision also involves purchase of assets that are often referred to as capital budgeting. The most corporations focus on capital budgeting listing the major project approved for investment. Investment proposal come into view from many different parts of the organisation that may have concluded the simple choice of which projects to accept or reject. Hence corporations need processes to ensure that every project is assessed consistently. The future investment outlays in most companies depend on the investment proc edure starts with the preparation of annual capital budgeting that is a list of projects planned for investment decision. The investment decisions let project proposals from companies for review by planning staff who controls the disposition of corporate resources is making financial decision (Brealey et al., 2011). Furthermore, Burns and Walker (2009) represented the capital budgeting process has been described in terms of four stages: Firstly, Identification is idea generation that include how project proposals are initiated. This stage composes of the overall procedure of project including sources origination and reasons for idea creation. Besides, process of origination and submission procedures are interested in an incentive system for rewarding good ideas. Moreover, this stage focuses on time pattern of creation and what level projects are generated that is a formal process for accepting ideas. Stanley and Block (1984) surveyed there has never been an in-depth survey in this stage. The responding companies in capital budgeting proposals originated bottom up over 80 percent versus top down. Secondly, Development also focuses on the details of how the data is estimated that which firms use cash flow versus accounting data. This involves the level of review, the role of project size, organizational structure and the initial screening process which rely upon primarily early screening criteria and cash flow estimation. Pruitt and Gitman (1987) identified the origination of biases in process for a deeper understanding of capital budgeting forecast and cash flow estimation. In addition, they considered financial, marketing, production and economic factors for quantitative forecast. Gordon and Pinches (1984) suggested the role in forecast accuracy and emphasis on the importance of information systems processes that were the key to improvement of capital budgeting. Thirdly, Selection includes personnel involved and the techniques used for the detailed project analysis that results in acceptance or rejection of the experimental project for funding. This stage separate to subsections follows as: 1. Personnel study on determining person who controls the disposition of corporate resources in company is making final decision and analyses capital expenditures. However, this includes amount of people are involved in project. Brealey et al. (2011) suggested the problem of biased forecasts that originated from strategic planners may have a mistaken view of forecast because cannot identify all worthwhile projects. For instance, the managers of project A and B cannot be expected to see the potential economies of closing their projects and merging production at new project C. 2. Reason for selection Techniques includes determining some techniques are preferred. According to Verma et al. (2009) demonstrated Companies invest in long term assets that expected a flow of benefit over the lifetime of the capital asset in project and a certain amount of resources in exchange for the future return that involves risk. Moreover the many capital budgeting methods or techniques are available for these investments or projects evaluation. A comparative study of affecting capital budgeting by evaluate the impact of different factors or variables on the selection of an individual capital budgeting. In addition, this research covers capital budgeting principles and techniques. Shapiro (2005) represented the companies can use to evaluate prospective investments. To accomplish this object by translate the basic principles of capital budgeting into evaluation techniques capable of applying these principles. The several different methods evaluate potential projects that manag ers use to analyse investments. The alternative methods include: Firstly, three discounted cash flow techniques net present value, profitability index and internal rate of return. The techniques are defined as follows: Net present value (NPV) is the present value of the projects future cash flows that discount at appropriate cost of capital and minus the initial net cash outlay in cost of the project. The value placed on a prospective investment project that focus on cash and only cash, account for the time value of money and account for risk. Thus, projects have a positive NPV that should be accepted. On the other hands, a negative NPV should be rejected. Moreover, Comparison in many projects that the one with higher NPV should be accepted. This NPV method focuses on all cash flows and the time value money when takes into account. Profitability index (PI) is defined as a project equals the present value of future cash flows divided by the initial cash investment as known as the benefit cost ratio. The project should be accepted if the ratio exce eds 1.00. NPV and this ratio always yield the same accept-reject decision. Sometimes, PI can provide superior decision in investment. Internal rate return (IRR) is defined as the sets of present value in project of future cash flows equal to the initial investment outlay that is a discount rate. In other words, this ratio equates the project when NPV is zero that determines the maximum interest rate. The rationale in project yielding more than its cost of capital should have a positive NPV and should be accepted. Otherwise, the project should be rejected. Secondly, two non discounted cash flow techniques payback period and accounting rate of return. The techniques are defined as follows: Payback period is defined as length of time necessary to recover it takes before the accumulative cash flow equals the initial investment from net cash flows. The payback rule states that project should be accepted if payback period less than some specified cut-off period or less period than others project. Payback period was a most commonly to use when choosing among alternative projects. Although widely to use this method, it has serious weakness because this method ignores the cash flows beyond the period and the time value of money that is very sensitive in investment decision. Accounting rate of return also called as the average return on book value or the average rate of return. This technique is the ratio that defined average profit after taxation to average book investment this is an average return on investment (ROI). A return in investment yielding grater than in comparison project and standard should be accepted. Whereas the result is below should be rejected. In addition, Verma et al. (2009) represented the comparisons capital budgeting techniques used in practice. A non-discounted cash flow in capital budgeting techniques was increasing in 1960s especially the payback period method. On the other hands, a discounted cash flow in capital budgeting techniques were interesting 1970s especially use of internal rate of return method in. A trend towards incorporation focused on risk that was also indicated by many studied. Furthermore, the most preferred method for evaluation of investment risk that depended on sensitivity conservative and analysis forecasts and the payback period method and followed by internal rate of return method were most popular in 1980s. Authors found that evaluators used multiple evaluation methods that internal rate of return and followed by the net present Value method were the most preferred choice in 1990s. The adjustment of discount rate methods were the most widely accepted discount rate that was the weighted aver age cost of capital (WACC) that Authors found 78 percent. In the 2000s, Peat and Partington (2007) demonstrated the most popular project evaluation techniques were net present value, internal rate of return and payback period that the most of companies observed these techniques. 3. WACC is defined a usually estimated cost of capital that average rate of return demanded by investors include companies use this rate to make project selections. Bruner et al. (1998) represented the research that companies computed the cost of capital by using WACC. 4. Risk Analysis is actually defined in a capital budgeting context. The risk analysis methods focus on recognised, reflected and assessed. Shapiro (2005) represented the real options and project analysis, risk and incorporating risk in a capital budgeting analysis, corporate strategy and the capital budgeting decision. The improvements could be made in obtaining.The important input from management for improving existing risk models. Ken and Cherukuri (1991) represented the case of large U.S. companies that concluded sensitivity analysis was found popular for handling risk that measuring risk is 80 percent. Dhanker (1995) demonstrated companies incorporated risk by adjusting 45 percent used Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM). Shao and Shao (1996) found that firms were using risk-adjusted discount rates less often than risk-adjusted cash flows.In addition, Graham and Harveys (2002) surveyed large companies are preferred to use risk-adjusted discount rate while small companies more lik ely used Monte Carlo simulation for risk adjustment. 5. Capital Rationing include the decisions are made by the financial environment. The specific reasons in capital rationing indicate the correct project proposal biases. The reaction capital rationing is not simply to real problem in managers face that main reason was irresolution to issue external financing. Moreover, accepting projects are avoided highly risk averse by using capital rationing to make decision in company that correct for management optimistic forecast biases. In addition, Gitman and Vandenberg (2000) considered the maintain a target price to earning ratio or earning per share among 23 percent of the respondents using of capital rationing and 60 percent was a debt limit imposed by management. Thus, this improvement has been made on the characteristic of capital rationing. 6. Project Approval as defined the autonomy of divisional managers and the role of divisional manager in each of capital investment project and operating accept-reject decisions. Fourthly, Control involves how the evaluation of project performance. This stage considers by comparison the different in expected result and actual results that indicate the performance measurement. Gordon and Myers (1991) expressed the respondents had performed post-audits 76 percent. However, the post-auditing was not effective according to criteria that involved the use of risk adjusted discount rate cash flow methods, the documented policies and procedures. Unfortunately, the post-audit is unpopular decisions in a standard part of the capital budgeting process. Furthermore, Myers, Gordon and Hamer (1991) found companies by using discounted cash flow based audit procedures by using the data form the same study that result increased their performance in companies. In addition, Pruitt and Gitman (1987) reviewed an upward bias that management suspects that focus on the post-audit process. The optimistic forecasts were sometimes depended on psychological factors. The way to eliminate the psychological biases on future capital budgeting proposals that means the post-audit should provide objective information to remove psychological to effective capital budgeting. The important in control stage has resulted in the deeper understanding in both control purposes and continuous improvement for future decisions. The important contributions have been made in the omitted stages of the capital budgeting process. A set of well-defined capital investment opportunities suggested by several authors its impact on all four stages that the decision support system. Opportunities include focusing on a particular stage by using best practices perspective in the area of real options and project analysis to monitor the outcomes. Brealey et al. (2011) demonstrated the final capital budget must also reflect the strategic planning of corporation. Strategic planning attempts to identify business where the corporation has a competitive advantage that takes a top -down view of company. Research aims and objectives of research proposal The objectives of the study are to examine the capital budgeting practices being adopted by companies in Thailand. Specifically this study aims a comparative study of the factors affecting of different firms in capital budgeting in Information Communication Technology sector. The overall research focuses on objective as following: This objective examines the corporate practices regarding the techniques of capital budgeting used for evaluating an investment proposal. To analyse and compare the difference objectives of capital budgeting by using acquired data. This objective evaluates the impact of different variables or factors affecting capital budgeting on the selection of a method of capital budgeting technique. This objective analyses the corporate practices regarding risk techniques of capital budgeting used for adjusting risk in investment proposals. This objective includes the affecting factors in each project and corporate strategy that relate to the capital-budgeting decision. To evaluate processes and techniques of capital budgeting to improve decision-making and the quality of decisions. Research questions and / or hypotheses H0-What are the purposes and objectives of investment capital budgets in each firm? H0- The identification, development, selection and control stage does affect the making decision of capital budgeting to accept the project. H0-The level of capital budget project does affect the selection of investment. H0-What are a capital budgeting principles and techniques make strategic decisions preferred by companies? H0-What is the most popular capital budgeting technique affect to make decision? H0-Does the company use of multiple capital budgeting techniques? H0- what important factors of decision making are the consideration non financial factors for deciding capital budgeting investment by selected companies? H0- what are risk factors to use in Adjustments? Research Design Methodology for the research This section is essentially about justifying the terms of methodology. It addresses the particular appropriate data collection and analysis. By 150 the questionnaires have distributed go to still ICTs companies in Thailand. The Social Science Version 16 (SPSS software) was advantage from this questionnaire. Thus, imply incidence and percentage are the importance in the lead presents the conclusion spits the questionnaire, way statistics explanation is the importance of using analysis the data. Data Collection Data collected in standardised format from lot of observations based on specific variables and identify patterns between variables. Hence, Data will be collected via structured by questionnaire (see in appendix) a personnel in companies in information communication technology sector in Thailand. The population of interest is planning staffs that involve the project within different department in each company. According to the mention above objective a comprehensive primary survey is conducted of 30 planning staffs who controls the disposition of corporate resources is managerial decision involved of projects companies. The planned sample is 10 projects from different projects in company the amount of staff are surveyed depend on the level of project. Data Analysis Wrenn et al. (2007) represented the SPSS is used the way random simplify by applicability. This technique use to test general in the population that known information of being selected as part of the sample. This research has applied the explanation will of the statistics that Zikmund (2000) demonstrated the explanation and summarize about the people by average calculation that the mean and percent values are majority form in summary data. The acquired data will be analysed by using qualitative methods and data will be compared the actual factors in capital budgeting. The limitation of method used According to Saunders et al. (2007) demonstrated the way of questionnaire process depends on the technique of limitation use in the research that is taking time to collects the data. Moreover, they may take time in making completed profoundly might cause something delay in during procedure. The convenience of limitation is easy to filtration that personal researcher are appropriate more than the filtration from the people. Conclusion Nowadays, the Thailand business environment has become highly sensitive competition in Information Communication Technology sector. The capital budgeting decision necessary for a number of changes have taken place in the business and economic environment in domestic market. For achieving this, the keyword to success in financial management depends on only the professionally and competitive managed companies. The companies are focusing even more on effective financial management practices and company can thrive in such an unstable environment. In addition, the companies are greatly concerned about core financial issues. That the reasons why focus on the affecting factors for making decision in capital budgeting that companies should be improved financial management. Reference Brealey, R.A., Mayers, S.C. and Allen, F. (2011) Principles of Corporate Finance Global Edition. 10th Edition. New York: McGraw-Hill Irwin. Bruner, R.F., Eades, K.M., Harris, R.S. and Higgins, R.C. (1998) Best Practices in Estimating the Cost of Capital: Survey and Synthesis, Financial Practice and Educational. Vol. 8, No. 1, pp. 13-28. Burns, R.M. and Walker, J. (2009) Capital Budgeting Surveys: The Future is now. Journal of Applied Finance. No.1 2, pp. 78-90. Dhanker, Raj S. (1995) An Appraisal of Capital Budgeting Decision Mechanism in Indian Corporates, Management Review. (July-December), pp. 22-34. Garbutt, D. (1992) Making Budgets work. 1st edition, London: Chartered Institute of Management Accountant. Gordon, L.A. and Pinches, G.E. (1984) Improving Capital Budgeting: A Decision Support System Approach. 1st Edition. Massachusetts: Addison-Wesley Publishing Company. Graham, J.R. and Harvey, C. R. (2002) How Do CFOs Make Capital Budgeting and Capital Structure Decisions? The Journal of Applied Corporate Finance. Vol. 15, No. 1, pp. 8-23. Ken, L.R. and Cherukuri, U.R. (1991) Current Practices in Capital Budgeting: Cost of Capital and Risk Adjustment, ASCI Journal of Management, Vol. 21, No.1, pp. 26-44. Myers, M.D, Gordon, L.A. and Hamer, M.M. (1991) Post-Auditing Capital Assets and Firm Performance: An Empirical Investigation, Managerial and Decision Economics. Vol. 12, No. 4, pp. 317-327. Pruitt, S.W. and Gitman, L.J. (1987) Capital Budgeting Forecast Biases: Evidence from the Fortune 500, Financial Management. Vol. 16, No. 1, pp. 46-51. Saunders, M., Lewis, P. Thornhill, A. (2007), Research methods for business students. 4thedition, Essex: Pearson Education Limited. Shao, L.R and Shao, A.T. (1996) Risk Analysis and Capital Budgeting Techniques of US Multinational Enterprises, Managerial Finance. Vol. 22, No. 1, pp. 41-57. Shapiro, A.C. (2005) Capital Budgeting and Investment Analysis. 1st edition, New Jersey: Pearson Prentice Hall. Stanley, M.T. and S.B. Block (1984), A Survey of Multinational Capital Budgeting, The Financial Review. Vol. 19, No.1, pp. 36-54. Stout, D.E., Alice, Y. And Qi, H. (2008) Improving Capital Budgeting Decision with Real Options Management Accounting Quarterly Vol.9, No. 4, p. 1-10. Troung, G., Peat,M. and Partington, G. (2007) Cost of Capital Estimation and Capital Budgeting Practice in Australia Australian Journal of Management, Vol. 33, No. 1, pp. 95-122. Verma, S., Gupta, S. and Batra, R. (2009) A Survey of Capital Budgeting Practices in Corporate India The Journal of Business Perspective Vol. 13, No. 3, pp. 1-17. Zikmund, W.G. (2000), Business Research Methods 6th Edition, Fort Worth: The Dryden Press.

Location of Selves and Reorganization of Reality :: Identity Reality Self Essays

Location of Selves and Reorganization of Reality We perceive limits in our culture of information—our postmodern world. Limits in defining a simple, modernist self are the same limits that govern the ownership of land and of ideas (hence, the copyright). Defining a person in strict terms of a single identity allows self the capacity for ownership. People feel that they have a handle over things if they know themselves in terms of a concise identity. Even more, people can be assured that they are normal or, further, powerful and significant, if they have certain â€Å"desirable† traits that make up their true selves. This sense of self causes the identity crisis, insecurities, and self-hate just as much if not more so than it gives people an assurance of knowing who â€Å"they† are. The cyborg enacts the anticipated demolition of such reducing mirages. Cyborgs defy traditional classification, thus controllability. This threatens those in power, and it threatens those that enjoy the limits once in place. While this idea must seem to crush the strength of groups that have been defined by a unifying trait such as â€Å"male†, it really allows for far more possible groups to unify—groups that may have experienced turmoil and were unable to be classified by one word, like â€Å"woman†. Simple classifications that have discounted other portions of one’s unique experience will no longer limit or detract from one’s multiple selfhood. Then, cyborgs/selves can explore the self of choice to maximize their experience in accordance with their environment. Finally, the quests for self as authentic will no longer persist. The authenticity of human interaction could just be a falsity. Behaviors are, after all, only as genuine or definitive as you imagine them to be. One can shape their experiences, or at least their perceptions of them, uniquely. [See Chapter 5, Speaking into the Air] Thus, the need for human contact could be viewed as another myth. People can fall in love over the Internet. The orgasm that one has in a simulated situation, like phone sex or cyber sex, is just as â€Å"real† as the one he/she would have had if the big fat hairy woman on the other end of the wire (and the orgasm) really was the skinny sexy blond thought to be communicating.

Objectification of Women Through Advertisements Essay

The images of advertisements reflect the social and cultural aspects of a society. These images define the values and establish attitudes of the people in a society towards the imagery projected in the advertisements. One of the highly used imagery in the advertisement across almost all the cultures is that of women. By using this imagery in the advertisements, one of the critical attitudes established among the audience is that of women are objects. There are advertisements where women are used as a subjective image but mostly women are displayed as a commodity or an object. Objectification relates to the imagery of an entity which is a person but is seen or displayed as an object. Women have been used as objects to be desired by advertisers for years now to increase the sales of the products and this strategy has worked wonders for producers; for example magazines like Playboy and Hustler would not sell at all if it is not for the sexual display of women. It is argued that since the women who take part in such advertisements give their consent towards the kind of image the advertisements project. However, objectification of women is not just the concern of the models involved in the advertisement but the whole population that views that advertisement because it affects the value system and culture of the masses. For example, the Excessive use of blonde women in the advertisements during 70s and 80s projected to the masses that blonde women are more attractive and desirable to men. However, when surveyed, 70% of women thought that blonde women are more desirable to men and only 35% men actually expressed their preference for blonde women. This way advertisement has used women as objects to establish false beliefs of beauty, independence, and power. Sigmund Freud, one of the greatest psychiatrists, also developed a theory which could be well related to the objectification of women in advertisements as a source of desire. His theory of the â€Å"unconscious mind† states that it constitutes of the largest part of a person’s mind and contains desires and memories which are not readily available to the conscious mind of a person. However, there exist different stimuli which may, if exposed to a person, bring these unconscious desires and memories to the conscious mind. Therefore it could be argued that since â€Å"sex† is seen as the most basic element of our social needs, it is often suppressed in our unconscious mind and the objectification of women in advertisements bring these desires to our conscious mind. In the light of the theory of â€Å"unconscious mind†, it could be proposed that the exposure of women in most of the advertisements today only acts as a stimulus to invoke the hidden desires of the audience till it becomes a need. And once it becomes a need people look for ways to satisfy this physical need disregarding the subjective elements involved in the process. The idea of women empowerment had taken a great flight since post WWII with the help of the media. When most men were fighting during the WWII, women had to take up the roles of men back at home. After the war ended and the men returned, women had to go back and adapt to their roles as housewives and mothers. This was the time when the media hit them and promoted the message of women empowerment with the use of women in their advertisements. The magazines communicated to the women that they had the potential and capability to build careers, acquire achievements and shift their role from that of housekeepers. From that time onwards, media has played a massive role in promoting the concept of power and empowerment for women by displaying women more often in their advertisements and with slogans like â€Å"Just do it†, â€Å"the idea of willpower†, and â€Å"take control†. The use of women in advertisements has not only made women powerful in the eyes of the male population but also given a boast to the self esteem of women and has made them more authoritative than ever before. More so, the use of women’s body in advertisements and movies has established the perception in the minds of the population that women may use their bodies to get things done and achieve success. Through advertisements using women, the society has also created a wrong perception that beauty is a prerequisite to the independence and success of women and also that it is through the beauty and consumption of certain products that women can excel in their careers and lives. The highly explicit use of women in the advertisements has also led to rivalry between different brands of a product. The rivals try to get the most popular celebrities and models for their advertisement and expose them more than their rival to gain more attraction from the target market and therefore increase the sales. It is seen these days that many companies hire brand ambassadors for the sole purpose of attracting the market and make people associate the product with the sexual desire created by the presence of the brand ambassadors; no doubt it increases the consumption. For example, the famous perfume Chanel has hired various top celebrities as there spokes-model like Nicole Kidman and Keira Knightley. In fact the perfume was initially brought to fame by Marilyn Monroe in the 1950s. The display of zero-size models with slender frames and nicely tuned body parts has led to an increased dissatisfaction of â€Å"body image† among the women. The dissatisfaction is measured by difference between a person’s â€Å"body image†, which is a person’s perception of his/her body, and the ideal body type displayed in the form of models in advertisements. Although, this dissatisfaction has always existed amongst the women, it has grown rapidly since last 25 years. This is because the media has increased its standard of what is a â€Å"normal† body size. For most of the women this ideal body size portrayed by the media is the gateway to happiness. It is through these advertisements in the media that women have established in their minds that they need to achieve that ideal body size, shape and weight in order to find a good spouse, a great career, and be acceptable to family, friends and public. The models with perfectly shaped bodies are depicted as glamorous, rich and powerful in the advertisements and therefore a perfect body is seen as the passport to happiness. However, women do not know that only 5 % of all the women have the potential and body-type to achieve the ideals displayed by the models in the advertisements. Conclusion Today, the objectification of women has reached great heights; almost every other advertisement is using this concept to promote a product. What needs to be realized is this behavior has not only degraded the status of women but has also hurt the moral values of the global society. It has also given false hopes to millions of people and has distorted the image or reality for many. And the consequences are also very apparent in the form of the kind of treatment women get from men and the number of women suffering from anorexia for example. All the aspects discussed on the objectification of women call for strong system which could align the activities of the advertisers to more ethically sound principles. References: 1. Onyejekwe, C. J. (2005). Advertising and Exploitation of Female Sexuality. Retrieved from http://www. quietmountainessays. org/Onyejekwe. html 2. Body Image. (2009). Body Image. Retrieved from http://www. snac. ucla. edu/pages/Body_Image/Body_Image. htm 3. Media Advertising. (2010). Women in the Media. Retrieved from http://www. 123helpme. com/view. asp? id=18401 4. Lukes, S. A. (n. d). The Gender Ads Project. Retrieved from http://www. ltcconline. net/lukas/gender/pages/power. htm 5. Gladen, N. R. (2008). Media Objectification of Women. Retrieved from http://medialiteracy. suite101. com/article. cfm/media_objectification_of_women 6. Boeree,C. G. (2009). Personality Theories. Retrieved From http://webspace. ship. edu/cgboer/freud. html

stuff the tigers Essays

stuff the tigers Essays stuff the tigers Essay stuff the tigers Essay Dear Editor, Im a regular newspaper reader. Recently I stumbled upon Jeremy Clarksons article about tigers. Upon reading it I discovered that I strongly disagree with some of his ideas and points of view and the way in which he writes them. On a personal level I am also fond of these wild animals, which gives me reasons to criticise this article. I can understand that it is difficult to find a rather engaging topic for the readers, especially for the younger audiences. However, this article crosses all of the delicate boundaries that a newspaper is expected to adhere to. It is clear to me, and I am sure o many of your other loyal readers, that the author expresses his views in an offensive way and belittles this sensitive issue by using inappropriate sarcasm. This can clearly be seen from the beginning of the article; the title Stuff The Tigers not only shows Mr. Clarksons personal attitudes to all living creatures and the world itself but also uses language to create humour to address a topic that is clearly not humorous. By using a pun on the word stuff he is making an insensitive start to his article. While this may appeal to a younger audience, those more educated will find it offensive. I am not against his article, every person is allowed to have her or his own opinion. However, the author talks about the animals as if they are non-living objects. Is it a correct point of view? I do not believe so. Animals are living creatures that are a part of our environment, not as Clarkson thinks as irrelevant as the death of a faraway star. They deserve to be treated with respect. All creatures on this planet have their own purpose and it is not up to us to decide whether they live or die. As the most developed and intelligent species, it is our duty to preserve nature. What is more, it is not that hard to save the tigers from xtinction, but clearly Mr. Clarkson cares nothing for their disappearance and the little effort it would take to make a difference. Extinction of any species is a global, environmental problem and one of the most important issues to face the world. It should be concerning all countries. However, from the opening line Jeremy Clarkson places blame mostly with particular countries i. e. China without a reasonable cause; As the population of China becomes more wealthy. Clarkson also suggests that it is generally thought that traditional Chinese medicine involves killing tigers 600million Chinese people believe will cure any umber of ailments. Even if this is so, why doesnt he admit the Chinese also contribute significantly to wildlife conservation? Or that this is a decreasing problem? Mr. Clarkson also writes; Apart from for a few impotent middle-class Chinamen, the extinction makes not the slightest bit of difference if Johnny tiger dies out. The author makes his feelings crystal clear, and it is a sad state of affairs if he is correct. Clarkson makes extinction seem unimportant. He implies that it is not even our concern; l nave never seen any numDer 0T creatures tnat I Know to exlst. so wny should I care if my children never see a tiger?. Here I disagree entirely. If we let all creatures die, who would maintain the essential balance that our planet so badly needs? Personally I do not have an answer. Probably Jeremy Clarkson with his despicable article knows He also mentions that the tigers provide business opportunities; demand for illegal tiger parts is booming. However, I understand that poor communities might feel the need to hunt as the way to survive which is more than Clarkson seems to acknowledge. More often then not, though, this is done because of greed and enormous profits and it is this that we need to prevent in order to prevent the xtinction of tigers. Here is another interesting point Clarkson raises which leaves me divided; Animals become extinct naturally like the brontosaurus. While I agree that some animal deaths are natural, how can the extinction of tigers be natural, if the creatures are being poached? This is not an understandable reason for their disappearance as whole. When the animals do not die naturally, they are not able to breed which leads to the extinction of the species. This is man-made problem not a natural one. Although many of his arguments are presented as questions, And what e supposed to do exactly? , Mr. Clarkson might have influenced your opinion on this issue by his presentation of the issues in a friendly tone, So why should I care if my children never see a tiger? , and humorous manner, eco mentalists. Probably he wants to manipulate us using his humor and the way of writing and I am surprised at your newspaper for allowing this to happen when it concerns a serious topic. He also uses exaggeration ( we are told the polar bear is now at risk and as a result were all supposed to kill ourselves) and these methods create the biggest impact on eaders, making them believe his arguments are more trustworthy than they are in reality. The only creatures that really matter are those in our social group said Jeremy Clarkson. He persuades the readers that nothing wrong and awful will happen if one type of species becomes extinct. However, we are all part of a balanced eco-system that relies on each aspect to survive effectively. If animals become extinct there will not be the required recourses for human beings because animals are needed for products and life support. Despite all of my criticism I agree with; Between 1900 and 1919 Eco-mentalists ignore the fact that we lost most of young men in Europe and prattle on about the passing of the passenger pigeon Nothing can be worse than closed eyes on many human deaths, especially young peoples but it is not part of the argument over saving tigers; these are separate issues. In my opinion The Sunday Times should think about the opposition to Jeremy Clarksons article and consider extinction as an issue for humanity as a whole. ? «You must not lose faith in humanity. Humanity is an ocean; if a few drops of the ocean are dirty, the ocean does not become dirty?  ». -Mahatma Gandi

Free Essays on H. Rider Haggard’s King Solomon’s Mines, As A Perspective On Late-Victorian Imperialism

The late nineteenth century in Europe is most familiarly characterized as an age of Victorianism. Queen Victoria, the source of the term, reigning and living from 1837 until 1901, had much influence on the people of the time, as well as their cultures and lifestyles. Victorianism is described as having a sense of duty and respectability. Along with Victorianism, neo-imperialism describes the reign of Queen Victoria throughout the late nineteenth century. Characteristics of neo-imperialism and Victorianism are reflected through H. Rider Haggard’s 1885 novel, King Solomon’s Mines. Written as an adventure story, this novel serves as a window to see through to late-Victorian imperialism that outlined British and European capitalism in 1870s and 1880s South Africa. With the first Industrial Revolution in Europe from 1750 to 1850, many jobs were becoming available all over Europe. With this Europeans began to expand their territories and settle as much of the land as possible. Consequentially these countries wanted more land and more power. This idea defines the term imperialism, the tendency of countries to expand their claims to more land, with was first apparent in North and South America. In the late nineteenth century and be describes as exploring neo-imperialism, in which countries began to explore the continents of Africa and parts of Asia. European interest in Africa arose with the British missionary, Dr. Livingston, born in 1813. As a missionary, Dr. Livingston went into Africa which at the time was called the â€Å"dark continent.† This term was giving to the inner plains of Africa because at the time people were only familiar with the coasts of Africa because of slave trades. Little was known about this mysterious contin ent at this point in history. His goal in Africa was to â€Å"Christianize† the Africans. As he did this while traveling he subconsciously taught the world about Africa. Also, Livingston was obsess... Free Essays on H. Rider Haggard’s King Solomon’s Mines, As A Perspective On Late-Victorian Imperialism Free Essays on H. Rider Haggard’s King Solomon’s Mines, As A Perspective On Late-Victorian Imperialism The late nineteenth century in Europe is most familiarly characterized as an age of Victorianism. Queen Victoria, the source of the term, reigning and living from 1837 until 1901, had much influence on the people of the time, as well as their cultures and lifestyles. Victorianism is described as having a sense of duty and respectability. Along with Victorianism, neo-imperialism describes the reign of Queen Victoria throughout the late nineteenth century. Characteristics of neo-imperialism and Victorianism are reflected through H. Rider Haggard’s 1885 novel, King Solomon’s Mines. Written as an adventure story, this novel serves as a window to see through to late-Victorian imperialism that outlined British and European capitalism in 1870s and 1880s South Africa. With the first Industrial Revolution in Europe from 1750 to 1850, many jobs were becoming available all over Europe. With this Europeans began to expand their territories and settle as much of the land as possible. Consequentially these countries wanted more land and more power. This idea defines the term imperialism, the tendency of countries to expand their claims to more land, with was first apparent in North and South America. In the late nineteenth century and be describes as exploring neo-imperialism, in which countries began to explore the continents of Africa and parts of Asia. European interest in Africa arose with the British missionary, Dr. Livingston, born in 1813. As a missionary, Dr. Livingston went into Africa which at the time was called the â€Å"dark continent.† This term was giving to the inner plains of Africa because at the time people were only familiar with the coasts of Africa because of slave trades. Little was known about this mysterious contin ent at this point in history. His goal in Africa was to â€Å"Christianize† the Africans. As he did this while traveling he subconsciously taught the world about Africa. Also, Livingston was obsess...

International business MOVIE REVIEW Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

International business - Movie Review Example The American population has a record of making quite a huge size of garbage every year that amounts to about 250 million tonnes. The garbage is made up of fruit peels, bald tires, soda cans, frozen food container, etc. The size of the garbage produced is quite big and shocking. Whatever happens with the garbage produce is a subject that ‘Trash Inc: the secret Life of Garbage’ mainly undertakes. This documentary runs for one hour and is aired by CNBC on Wednesday. Carl Quintanilla is the documentary’s host and also known to be an Emmy award winning reporter. A big part of Quintanilla summer is seen through the documentary to be spent wading through garbage from Nevada, Pennsylvania to New York. Quintanilla also visits Beijing and Hawaii in the search of knowledge on garbage handling. Quintanilla tries to find out who handles garbage and what environmentally and economically is at stake. From the documentary, Quintanilla report indicates that garbage is both an oppo rtunity and an epidemic. The garbage industry is estimated to worth $52 billion in a yearly basis. This industry is also considered not be a one-size fit all. Most of America’s garbage is picked and transported to 2300 landfill within America. These landfills at the end make some huge profits towards their operators as some also capitalize on the landfill by piping out trash gas. The trash gas is mainly used within factories in the generation of electricity. Apex within Las Vegas is considered to be the largest landfill within the United States, and ‘Trash Inc.’ makes a visit there to know the operations of landfills. From Apex, the next trip is to Beijing which gives an opposite side of the story. Within Beijing, there are hundreds of dumps which are all illegal cropping up on the outskirts of the city. This dump sites are used to handle the high number of garbage that is produced by the

France Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

France - Essay Example I also carried out research from a number of other relevant sources on print and the Internet. The research was a novel idea since I was able to have a buildup of basic information before deciding on the sites, places, and any festival to visit based on research from the materials. For a country with a population estimate of sixty-six million and 643,801 square kilometers in size, France is slightly less than Texas in size. The local people call it a hexagon with the hexagon being the country's symbol, due to its shape (Whittaker 6). However, the country boasts of mixed geographical features. In this case, part of the country’s terrain is mountainous or mountainous terrain with a coastline with other parts having gently rolling hills or flat plains as terrain (CIA). As a result, the terrain makes for a picturesque scene to anybody who loves adventure. Nonetheless, the scenery would not be pleasing in case of unaccommodating climatic conditions. In effect, the country’s climatic conditions vary from one region to the other. However, climatic conditions in France are a blend of cool winters and mild summers. Some parts experience tropical and humid conditions, tropical and marine climatic conditions, and other parts in the country experience hot and rainy conditions (CIA). These climatic conditions are in different periods of the year and in different locations. In effect, this makes the country offer tourists the best climatic conditions during their visits. Politically, France is a blend of the parliamentary and presidential systems of governance and Paris is the country's administrative capital. During the middle ages, the French and the English were rivals with the latter occupying France during the infamous hundred years’ war. However, the rivalry eased over time with the two nations engaging each other to play an influential role in the modern society. In this regard, France is a member of NATO and a permanent member to the UN Security Council (CIA). Economically, the country is in the middle of the euro zone crisis although the country’s GDP in 2011 was $2.246 trillion, which made it the tenth biggest in terms of GDP (CIA). With a blend of all religions of the world, a majority of the people in France are predominantly Christians. Conversely, French is the official language although there are various dialects of the language. The language is the dictate upon which the French culture is built (Whittaker 5). On the othe r hand, each region in the country embodies its own cultural path based on its history. For example, the north and northeastern regions of the country are widely known for their ancient and medieval architecture. These regions encompass Nord-Pas-de-Calais and Picardy regions. Among the cultural icons from these regions are Charles de Gaulle, Christian Dior, and Claude Monet (Whittaker 10). For Paris, the city is a depiction of iconic landmarks and grand designs that have an attachment to the culture of the French people. These designs and landmarks are internationally renowned with each providing visitors with a lasting impression of the city. One such landmark is the famous Eiffel Tower (see Fig. 1), which is one of the wonders of the contemporary world